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Νοέμβριος 2013

Rapid detection of superbugs

Νοε 29, 2013 20:14

Patients affected by a bacterial infection can usually be treated with an antibiotic. But sometimes a resistant bacterial strain is causing the infection. In a hospital setting, doctors ideally want to know if they are dealing with such bacteria and which drugs they should choose. But if the doctor runs a test it can take days to get a result. Now, a European project is paving the way for much more rapid tests using DNA biochips. The aim is to rapidly screen disease-causing bacteria using a microarray to spot which resistant genes are present in bacteria.

Preventing antibiotic resistance in hospital textiles

Νοε 29, 2013 20:13

“Antibiotic resistance threatens a return to the pre-antibiotic era”. The World Health Organisation uses this strong expression when referring to a phenomenon that is rapidly spreading: the increasing resistance of microorganisms to antimicrobial medicines, such as antibiotics. WHO estimates indicate that the excess mortality due to resistant bacterial hospital infections exceeds 25,000 every year, in Europe.

Researchers work on the first breast biopsy system offering real-time monitoring and guidance

Νοε 29, 2013 20:12

Breast cancer is by far the most frequent cancer among women, with an estimated 1,38 million new cancer cases diagnosed in 2008 (23% of all cancers) and one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality.

Further information: cordis.europa.eu

Forecasting air pollution

Νοε 29, 2013 20:10

Air quality is not a local problem. Like clouds moving through the sky, pollution is transported from one location to another by wind patterns in the atmosphere. With each breath we inhale vital oxygen, but also small amounts of potentially harmful gases and small particles. These components directly affect our health, and can be carcinogenic. Observations, both from satellite and from the ground, can provide a snapshot of the air quality. The trouble is that they have no real predictive capability.

Shigella host–bacteria interactions at sub-cellular level

Νοε 29, 2013 20:09

Shigellosis is an infection caused by the bacteria Shigella, resulting in dysentery and other painful symptoms as a result of diarrhoea, dehydration and bleeding. The EU-funded IPAH FUNCTIONS project will investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which the bacteria infects the host — mostly humans and primates.

Further information: cordis.europa.eu

Complementary detection system for safer borders

Νοε 29, 2013 20:08

Law enforcement and customs authority representatives from around Europe are developing a mobile network of low-power chemical, biological, radioactive, nuclear and explosive sensor systems. The proposed technology solution will complement the role played by dogs as part of the detection process at airports and border crossings.

Further information: cordis.europa.eu

New drugs for tuberculosis treatment

Νοε 29, 2013 20:07

Building on the foundations laid by its predecessor project NM4TB, which discovered benzothiazinone (BTZ), MM4TB is continuing to develop new drugs for tuberculosis (TB). A tripartite screening strategy is delving into libraries of natural and synthetic compounds.

Further information: cordis.europa.eu

How the 'have-nots' are redefining legal citizenship

Νοε 29, 2013 20:06

How do people experiment with novel forms of citizenship? Using hybrid rather than strictly normative social situations and focusing on how individuals overcome the challenges of legal citizenship, PROFACITY termed this experimentation 'profane citizenship'.

Further information: cordis.europa.eu

Disc degeneration under the microscope

Νοε 29, 2013 20:05

Improvements in the treatment of back pain — starting with better diagnosis — promise improvements in patients' quality of life. European researchers worked to contribute to related research through a study of disc-degeneration–related disorders.

Further information: cordis.europa.eu

Evaluating the toxicity of nanoparticles used in medical diagnostics

Νοε 29, 2013 20:04

Scientists developed alternative testing strategies to assess the nanotoxicity of materials used in medical diagnostics. Enhanced understanding of the cellular mechanisms of toxicity will also support informed legislation and regulation.

Further information: cordis.europa.eu

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